Mohs Scale 9

A highly durable and prized gemstone known for its deep red color, though it can tend purple and orange. A variety of the mineral corundum (aluminum oxide), with its internal radiance and 'fire' caused by chromium, which causes rubies to fluoresce under UV. Rubies often contain inclusions that help confirm natural origin, while enhancing their beauty.

Ruby is strongly associated with passion, vitality and love, as well as associated with Root Chakra (base of the spine, and a sense of promoting security and stability. Known to improve energy, stamina and motivation while bringing protection and enhancing confidence.

Due to its hardness, second only to diamond, and thermal resistance, synthetic ruby is widely used in technology. The first working laser used a ruby rod (1960). Watchmakers use 'jewel bearings' to reduce friction in mechanical movements. Rubies are also used in precision instruments, needles, scalpels, fiber optics, isolators and bearings.